The interaction between tone and
intonation in Limburgian dialects
In a region around Cologne stretching roughly
from Duisburg in the north to Trier in the south,
which includes the Limburgian dialect area in the Netherlands
and Belgium, a lexical tone opposition occurs in dialects which are also
characterised by a fairly extensive intonational
system. The forms that the two word tone patterns take vary with intonational context, such that instead of two patterns there
are in fact 12 or 18 or even 24 patterns, depending on the dialect. The aim of
the project is to produce comprehensive phonological descriptions of the tonal
systems of a number of these dialects. So far, the dialects of Venlo, Roermond, Weert in the Netherlands, Cologne in Germany, and Tongeren,
Hasselt and Borgloon in Belgium have been
investigated. Although Weert has usually been
included in the lexical tone area, a tonal contrast does not in fact exist in
this particular dialect.
Overview
Dutch version (De Tonen van het Limburgs); English version (The Tones of Limburg)
Research
East-Limburgian (Venlo, Roermond, Weert), Central- and Westlimburgian (Maastricht,
Hasselt, Borgloon), Ripuarian (Cologne), History
(Tonogenesis)
References
Fournier,
R., Verhoeven, J., Swerts,
M. & Gussenhoven, C. (2006) [pdf]. Perceiving word prosodic
contrasts as a function of sentence prosody in two Dutch Limburgian
dialects. Journal of Phonetics 34. 29-48.
Fournier,
R., Verhoeven, J., Swerts,
M. & Gussenhoven, C. (2004). Prosodic and
segmental cues to the perception of grammatical number in two Limburgian dialects of Dutch. Speech
Prosody 2004. Nara (Japan). 179-182.
Gussenhoven, Carlos (1999). Tone
systems in Dutch Limburgian dialects. In
Shigeki Kaji (ed.) Proceedings of the
Symposium on Cross-Linguistic Studies of Tonal Phenomena: Tonogenesis,
Typology, and Related Topics. Tokyo: Institute for Languages and
Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages. 127-143.
Gussenhoven, Carlos (2000) [pdf]. The lexical tone contrast of
Roermond Dutch in Optimality Theory. In Merle
Horne (ed.) Intonation: Theory and Experiment. Amsterdam: Kluwer. 129-167. Also ROA-382.
Gussenhoven, Carlos (2000). The boundary tones
are coming: On the non-peripheral realisation of boundary tones. In Michael Broe and Janet Pierrehumbert
(eds.) Papers in Laboratory Phonology V: Acquisition and the Lexicon.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 132-151.
Gussenhoven, Carlos (2000) On the Origin and
Development of the Central Franconian Tone Contrast.
In A. Lahiri (ed.) Analogy, Levelling, Markedness: Principles of Change in Phonology and
Morphology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 215-260.
Gussenhoven,
Carlos (2003) [pdf] Comments of "Tonal
variation in Swedish" by Gösta Bruce. In S. Kaji (ed.) Proceedings of the International
Symposium on Crosslinguistic Studies of Tonal
Phenomena 2002. Tokyo: Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and
Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
Gussenhoven,
Carlos (2004). Tone in Germanic: Comparing Limburgian
with Swedish. In Gunnar Fant,
Hiroya Fujisaki, Jianfen Cao & Yi Xu (eds.) From Traditional
Phonology to Modern Speech Processing. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching
and Research Press. 129-136.
Gussenhoven,
Carlos (2004). The Phonology of Tone and Intonation.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gussenhoven,
Carlos (geaccepteerd). A vowel height split
explained: Compensatory Listening and Speaker Control. In J.
Cole & J.I. Hualde (eds.) Laboratory Phonology
9. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Gussenhoven, Carlos & Flor
Aarts (1999)[pdf]. The dialect of
Maastricht. Journal of the International Phonetic Association
29 (2), 155-166.
Gussenhoven, Carlos & Gösta
Bruce (1999). Word prosody and intonation. In Harry van der Hulst (ed.) Word
Prosodic Systems in the Languages of Europe. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 233-271.
Gussenhoven, C. & Driessen, W. (2003). Explaining two correlations
between vowel quality and tone: the duration connection. B. Bel & I. Marlien (eds). Speech
Prosody 2004. Nara (Japan). 179-182.
Gussenhoven, Carlos & Peters, Jörg (2004)[pdf].
“A tonal analysis of
Cologne Schärfung”. Phonology 21, 251-285.
Gussenhoven, Carlos & Peter van der
Vliet (1999).The phonology of tone and intonation in
the Dutch dialect of Venlo. Journal
of Linguistics 35. 99-135.
Heijmans, Linda (1999). Lexical
tone in the Dutch dialect of Weert? ICPhS 14 (Vol. 3), 2383-2386.
Heijmans, Linda & Carlos Gussenhoven
(1998)
[pdf]. The Dutch dialect of Weert. Journal of the International Phonetic
Association (JIPA) 28, 107-112.
Peters, Jörg (2006) [pdf]. “The Cologne word accent
revisited”. In Michiel de Vaan (ed.), Germanic tone accents. Wiesbaden
Steiner, 107-133.
Peters, Jörg (2006) [pdf]. “The dialect of
Peters,
Jörg (2006) [ppt]. “The tones of Neerpelt”.
Talk given at the workshop Tonal Dialects of Dutch: Structure, Perception,
Function, 17 February 2006, Radboud University Nijmegen.
Peters, Jörg (in press). “A bitonal lexical pitch accent in the Limburgian
dialect of Borgloon”. In
C. Gussenhoven & T. Riad
(eds.), Tone and intonation.
Peters, Jörg (in press). “Tone and
intonation in the dialect of Hasselt”. To appear in Linguistics
Time-scale
Rachel Fournier 2003-2006 (Perception of tonal
contrasts in Venlo and Roermond)
Professor Dr Carlos Gussenhoven 1997-
Linda Heijmans 1998-2001 (Weert, Tongeren)
Dr Jörg Peters 2003-2005 (Tonal dialects in Belgium)
Professor Dr A.
Rietveld 2003- (Methodology)
Type of project
Direct
funding (Gussenhoven, Rietveld). From 2003, we are participating in
the project Tonal varieties of Dutch: Structure, Function, Perception of
the Vlaams-Nederlands Comite
with Dr Emiel Krahmer
(University of Tilburg), Dr. Marc Swerts (TU Eindhoven) and Dr Jo Verhoeven
(UI Antwerp), which finances a three-year post-doc project (Dr. Jörg Peters). Concurrently, the University of Nijmegen finances a PhD project (Rachel Fournier).
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